Wood Avens

Wood Avens (Geum urbanum), also known commonly as Herb Bennet, has been used medicinally since Roman times. It is named 'geum' from the Greek 'geno' meaning to yield an agreeable fragrance - the freshly dug roots having a clove-like scent and another of this plant's names is 'Clove Root'.

These aromatic roots were thought to protect against evil and poisons in medieval times, when the plant was worn as an amulet to ward off evil spirits and venomous beasts. It was known as 'Herb Benedict', a name given to antidote herbs owing to a story in the life of St Benedict. Its trefoil leaf symbolising the Holy Trinity and its five golden petals the five wounds of Christ, it appears as a decorative feature in medieval architecture, too.

The leaves used to be added to salads and soups, used for flavouring ale and to fragrance linen, preserving it from moths. The roots boiled in wine were used as a cordial against the plague and Culpeper considered it good for diseases of the chest or breath, or for the stitch.

The infusion may be helpful taken at the start of chills or catarrh and the herb is still used in modern herbal medicine: internally to treat diarrhoea, gastro-intestinal infections, bowel disease, uterine haemorrhage or intermittent fever and externally for haemorrhoids, vaginal discharge and inflammation of the mouth, gums and throat.



An astringent, antiseptic herb which reduces inflammation, checks bleeding and discharges, lowers fever and acts as a tonic for the digestive system.

Flowers May to October. Collect the flowering plant in July or August. Harvest by cutting plants as flowering begins (dry for infusions) or lift roots in the spring (use fresh or dry for decoctions). Roots lifted on the 25th March from dry soil are traditionally the most fragrant and they must be dried carefully then sliced and powdered to best retain their properties.

PLEASE NOTE: These notes on the history and use of herbs have been compiled for general interest and are not intended as medical advice, for which you should consult a professional herbalist.

BIBLIOGRAPY:
'A Modern Herbal' Mrs M. Grieve FRHS ed. Mrs C. F. Leyel (1973)
‘Herbs and Healing Plants of Britain and Europe’ Dieter Podlech (1987)
'RHS Encyclopedia of Herbs and Their Uses' Deni Brown (2002)

May

A May bank holiday trip to Arlesford today and this amazing view of bluebells and stitchwort..





Heavily laden boughs of may were incredibly fragrant in the sunshine and the grass was colourful with buttercups and drifts of sheep sorrel.





I had a wonderful wander in the ruined old church and its graveyard beyond, where the grass and wildflowers are left to grow, hoping for butterflies.





I was treated to these beautiful white star-like flowers peeping out amongst the grass, which I've been trying to identify... Star of Bethlehem?





We did get to see some butterflies later on, walking in the grass (and nettles!) down near the little streams. We think this peacock must have hibernated over winter, as they're not supposed to be about yet - in the second photo you can see how tattered it is.





This was a beautiful butterfly I've not seen before, a Speckled Wood, which we found in dappled semi-woodland very near to a large stretch of water.



And as a fitting end to a fantastic afternoon, we were lucky enough to see both a blue-tailed damselfly and several large red damselflies, one of which obligingly sat on a leaf in the sunshine for us.

Wild Autumn

Hope everyone is loving autumn .. I'm enjoying watching the colour changes and feeling the way the air is different now, too.

The garden is now completely wild, seedheads and overgrown creepers, vines and roses all competing in the wind and wet weather overnight but then still smiling brightly in the daytime sunshine.

Still picking yellow Ildi tomatoes from the hanging baskets and using handfuls of some unexpectedly lush sorrel from the veg patch. Blackbirds darting in and out of the all the overgrowth, feasting. The spiders who have been spinning their glorious webs amongst it all now looking fat and rather fine.

Me and the little'un had a jolly jaunt round our local nature reserve, the Lozenge, today to see what was happening there .. golden leaves, abundant berries, teasel heads ...

plumptious rosehips

colourful guelder rose















.. and also a magical sprouting of fungi!

Anglo-Saxon Herbs

Yesterday, a treat .. an overdue trip to West Stow Anglo-Saxon village while it was inhabited by seventh century Anglo-Saxon re-enactors, the Centingas. I haven't been for ages and was so excited to be visiting, especially to be taking my young son with me for the first time.

The first thing we saw on our visit was a new 'farm' area, designed to showcase some of the plants grown for food by the early Anglo-Saxon settlers at the village. I was so pleased to see the Wild Carrot I had been learning about growing here!

And then, bliss and joy, a great big medicinal herb bed .. brilliantly jumbled and tumbled but full of familiar friends, including the Mugwort I had just been learning about, too! What was great was that it was growing right alongside large amounts of Wormwood so I could clearly compare them and see the difference - wormwood's foliage is silvery all over, while mugwort's leaves have dark green tops but are silvery underneath.

Tansy

Wormwood and Saint John's Wort

Yarrow

Wild Herbs

Amazing, amazing experience at the weekend... a 'Wild Herbs for Food and Medicine' walk with no less than Roger Tabor, chairman of British Naturalists Association and former chairman of the Herb Society, who just happens to live in Brightlingsea! Couldn't believe my luck when I saw a poster up in a shop window in the High Street.. the walk was across the countryside and down to the saltmarsh at the tip of Flag Creek out the back of where I live. Down at the very tip of the creek we tasted Marsh Samphire and Sea Purslane and also saw Sea Beet, Sea Aster and Sea Lavender.

Apart from scribbling down a few notes on cooking Sea Purslane, I failed spectacularly to take any notes or photographs during the walk. I just wanted to be in the moment and give it all my fullest attention.. such opportunities do not come along every day of the week!

But the very next morning I went out on my own for a little countryside ramble near home while it was all fresh in my mind to see if I could find any of the new plants I'd been introduced to..

Mugwort

Can't believe this great Anglo-Saxon favourite is just growing everywhere around and I never knew it!

Wild Carrot

Can you see the purple-ish dot in the middle of the flower-head? This is in imitation of an insect feeding, which encourages other insects to land.

It folds up into this distinctive 'birds nest' shape when it forms its seeds.

Woody Nightshade















None of these pictures would win any prizes, but you get the idea! Very inspiring and feel greatly encouraged about going out and about and learning more plants.

Scarlet and Gold

More scarlet and gold highlights from the herb garden .. just starting to flower this last week or so are Tansy and the bronze Fennel..

I'm sure from reading about tansy way back that its supposed to be an insect repellent .. I know it is used dried to put in pet's beds to deter/repel fleas .. but everytime I go to photograph the lovely golden button flowers, they are covered in flies.. hmmmm!

When the great tall (some might say overgrown and out of control!) valerian finished, I left the great tall stems to provide support for the bronze fennel. So glad I did, as the golden flowerheads supported up high are providing a nice extra dimension in the herb garden.











... and on the windowsill soaking up the sunshine, the infused oils I prepared about six weeks ago are nearly ready and have changed colour ...

this golden one is Chamomile

and this gorgeous blood-red one is St John's Wort..

.. you can see the fantastic change in colour by comparing with this photo I took when I prepared it!

This should mean that all the goodness and healing properties from the flowers have now transferred themselves into the oil.












Once I've strained the plant material out, I will be keeping some oil to use as it is (for burns, including sunburn) and thickening a little of it to make into a salve for knife wounds .. I am accident-prone with the kitchen knife when I've not had enough sleep, so this is another helpful standby in our house!

Beautiful Stranger

One of the joys of allowing the herb garden to 'get away from me a bit' (to put it mildly!) is the delight of stumbling across surprises and nature's free gifts.

A week or two back, I pulled up short during my early morning visit to the garden .. at the back of the stand of Evening Primrose something was coming into flower, it was beautiful and it was pinky purple. I had a good look at it - the leaves and habit were so like the Evening Primrose all around it that I hadn't spotted the interloper in its midst - so fair play to it, I say! I just love it when a new plant comes to find me .. a great opportunity to get the old books down, dust them off and learn something new and amazing. So who is this beautiful stranger?

Well, I think, Great Willowherb (Epilobium hirsutum) - please lend me a hand here, if you are familiar with this plant? I got the preliminary id from my field guide, Collins' Complete Guide to British Wildlife, the photo looked spot-on and the description 'pinkish-purple flowers.. pale centres... appear July-August' is also spot on. The joy of the internet is that once you get a lead like this, you just type it in and before you will appear hundreds of images .. so you can get to see the plant from every angle and in lots of different situations.

The stems and leaves are supposedly hairy (hence 'hirsutum', presumably!) and this didn't strike me immediately. However there is a certain fluffiness about the leaves in the photo, so I'll be out having a little look for that later this evening.

Mrs Grieve tells us that Evening Primrose is related to the willowherbs, so I don't feel so daft for not spotting it now (!) and also that the willowherbs are rich in tannin.. used in fact as a tea substitute in some times and places .. and so the leaves have often been used as astringents. However, and PLEASE NOTE, there are 'reports of violent poisoning with epileptic-like convulsions' associated with the use of Great Hairy Willow Herb itself, so this is one plant I will just be happy to enjoy seeing in the garden, methinks!

Blush

This week you could really feel the wheel of the year turning.. its like all that thrusting and thriving and green energy burgeoning until it wears itself out .. and the plants are starting to feel a bit knackered and spent (and me along with them!). We are all a little straggly and starting to go to seed.

This, however, is a favourite time for me for I am an autumn girl and the move towards autumn and its resplendant colours is underway. The colour scheme is changing, with gold and crimson coming to the fore.The strawberries and geraniums are starting to blush a deep scarlet...

.. the evening primrose is out..

..and I'm starting to see how the 'rosa rugosa' got its common name of 'tomato rose'...

This week, too, the dusk has been my companion around 9pm when I've been turning in. I don't know why, but I find this a great comfort!

Its a time to relax and enjoy the fruits of all the enthusiasm and energy of spring and midsummer. To reap what we have sown... (what's left after the slugs and snails have had their pick,that is!)

Nettles for Energy

I just wanted to share with everyone my experience this year of drinking nettle infusions ..

"Drinking Nettle infusion is like drinking the energy of the earth - good solid energy"

I have to tell you that I have found a fantastic increase in energy. And its not a sudden but finite burst of energy like you might get from caffeine, which you have to do 'payback' for later. Firstly, I noticed I wasn't getting that mid-afternoon 'slump' anymore. But then, it seemed that somehow I had more mental energy as well. I experienced a definite shift from feeling overwhelmed and exhausted by my multiple and ongoing health issues to being able to tackle them.

One of the reasons I was interested in trying the nourishing herbal infusions was to find a rich source of minerals (esp. magnesium) to replace the multi-mineral and vitamin supplement I was taking. This has worked out brilliantly for me. Once I stopped taking the multivit/mineral (which had a high level of ascorbic acid in it) and stopped needing caffeine to keep me going through the day, my heartburn and stomachache subsided quite rapidly (in about 10 days).





I don't want to be bore and embarass everyone with long ramblings about my ailments, but I decided its so important to share and document experiences of working with plants so that hopefully others don't have to reinvent the wheel, everyone struggling away on their own in isolation. If I can save someone some time or point them in a helpful direction than it'll have been worth it.

I have to tell you, too, that the biggest test of whether something is working for you is what happens when you stop! So having done my nettle infusion drinking for several months it kind of fizzled out in May .. partly because we were eating nettle soup, but really because I was feeling so much better and just getting absorbed in life. And I suppose, you know, that you think it just couldn't be that simple .. maybe your condition just improved of its own accord, coincidentally.

But after a month or so, everything started creeping back .. caffeine started reappearing and indigestion along with it.. and a general feeling of struggling. So now I really start to get it .. drinking the infusions isn't a 'quick fix' its an insurance policy, long-term nourishment - the clue is in the title 'nourishing herbal infusions'. And we all know that prevention is better than cure! I think I will always be one to learn the hard (or long) way!

So it would appear, actually, that it really IS that simple.

Midsummer

Just a little trip about the garden at the very end of June ..

strawberries ripening in jam jars to protect them from our birdy friends,

valerian towering high above the fence and everything else,

feverfew in full flower now

and lavender just starting to pop.














Just been looking up 'cuckoo spit' .. you can see some on the lavender in the photo above, but we also have a little on the elder. Will have to look out for the adult froghoppers.. I like learning something new, and I like to have an answer ready when the little'un asks me something!

There's so much doing at this time of year and its such a joy to be out in the fresh air working with the plants and enjoying the sunshine. You can really 'feel' the wheel of the year turning over Midsummer as all the burgeoning and freshness and growing gives way to fullness, culmination, maturity. It happens imperceptibly and overnight, it seems and suddenly its time to be harvesting.

Nettle Diary

This is the photo diary of a little nettle which grew this year alongside our compost:

March 9th

March 12th

March 18th

April 29th

May




This nettle was tall and green and handsome, bursting with life. I had hoped to dry some tops for making infusion. But I was too slow and somehow, overnight so it seemed, flowering happened and I missed my opportunity. Now the nettle is in a bucket with some rainwater and soon all its goodness will be returned to the earth by way of my vegetable patch, making way for a playhouse for the little'un under the tree.

Minerals

Just wanted to share with everyone some wonderful words I found in this book by Paul Bergner:

'Traditional peoples all over the globe consider Earth to be our mother... we literally must nurse from the earth and nature to obtain the minerals our bodies need.'

The book describes how all the different minerals and trace elements are formed in the earth's core, magma and crust and are drawn up through the root systems of plants into sea vegetables and the plants that we eat as food. It goes on to talk about the way in which intensive farming has de-mineralised the food we eat and the impact the use of NPK fertiliser has on the balance of minerals in our food. He then explains the effects of mineral deficiencies on the body, causing dysfunction and disease, and how western medical practice does not consider the issue in relation to ill health. All the various minerals and trace elements are considered in turn, with their individual characteristics and foods which are rich in them. However, it is also shown how the minerals all act with each other, so if you become deficient in or supplement one it will put out the delicate balance with all the others. It is also stressed that too much of many of these minerals can be dangerous. And much more besides (issues of absorption, effects of sugar and refined white flour, the work of ground-breaking early 20th century travellers and researchers into the diets of indiginous peoples).. It is a fantastic book in which the science and technical issues involved are discussed clearly and without losing the reader, but which also has a clear spiritual component running through it.

For me it was extremely helpful, as I am constantly seeking ways to ensure adequate magnesium in the face of my own health issues. This book gave me a lot of useful information, suggested ways forward but also helped to explain some of the things I'd worked out for myself along the way via trial and error.

I was really struck, though, with how the description of how the elements are all formed within the earth and then rise up to the surface .. how the Earth actually does sustain us. With how the cycle is broken when we exhaust the supply and don't return the waste to the ground to renew it. As a historian and archaeologist it was fascinating to realise the different ways our ancestors used the land for a short spell then moved on, allowing nature to take over and restore the nutrients. It shows that we have much to learn from our ancestors .. much knowledge has been lost and our relationship with our planet along with it.

I ordered my copy from the inter-library loans service (its expensive on Amazon) but, if your interested in this sort of thing, Paul Bergner has done some You Tube videos on the subject of mineral depletion which contain enough information to whet your appetite and give you the outline of his research.